bingham_fluid.h

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#ifndef KRATOS_BINGHAM_FLUID_H
#define KRATOS_BINGHAM_FLUID_H
 
#include "includes/define.h"
#include "includes/element.h"
#include "includes/serializer.h"
 
namespace Kratos {
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
template< class TBaseElement,
          class TShapeFunctionValues = typename TBaseElement::ShapeFunctionsType,
          class TShapeFunctionGradients = typename TBaseElement::ShapeFunctionDerivativesType >
class BinghamFluid : public TBaseElement
{
public:
 
 
    // Pointer types for BinghamFluid
    KRATOS_CLASS_INTRUSIVE_POINTER_DEFINITION(BinghamFluid);
 
    typedef Node NodeType;
 
    typedef Geometry<NodeType> GeometryType;
 
    typedef Geometry<NodeType>::PointsArrayType NodesArrayType;
 
    typedef Properties PropertiesType;
 
    typedef Vector VectorType;
 
    typedef Matrix MatrixType;
 
    typedef std::size_t IndexType;
 
    typedef std::size_t SizeType;
 
    typedef std::vector<std::size_t> EquationIdVectorType;
 
    typedef std::vector< Dof<double>::Pointer > DofsVectorType;
 
    typedef PointerVectorSet<Dof<double>, IndexedObject> DofsArrayType;
 
    typedef Kratos::Vector ShapeFunctionsType;
 
    typedef Kratos::Matrix ShapeFunctionDerivativesType;
 
    typedef GeometryType::ShapeFunctionsGradientsType ShapeFunctionDerivativesArrayType;
 
 
 
    explicit BinghamFluid(IndexType NewId = 0) :
        TBaseElement(NewId)
    {}
 
 
    BinghamFluid(IndexType NewId, const NodesArrayType& ThisNodes) :
        TBaseElement(NewId, ThisNodes)
    {}
 
 
    BinghamFluid(IndexType NewId, GeometryType::Pointer pGeometry) :
        TBaseElement(NewId, pGeometry)
    {}
 
 
    BinghamFluid(IndexType NewId, GeometryType::Pointer pGeometry, PropertiesType::Pointer pProperties) :
        TBaseElement(NewId, pGeometry, pProperties)
    {}
 
    ~BinghamFluid() override
    {}
 
 
 
 
 
 
    Element::Pointer Create(IndexType NewId,
                            NodesArrayType const& ThisNodes,
                            PropertiesType::Pointer pProperties) const override
    {
        return Kratos::make_intrusive< BinghamFluid<TBaseElement> >(NewId, this->GetGeometry().Create(ThisNodes), pProperties);
    }
 
 
    Element::Pointer Create(
        IndexType NewId,
        GeometryType::Pointer pGeom,
        PropertiesType::Pointer pProperties) const override
    {
        return Kratos::make_intrusive< BinghamFluid<TBaseElement> >(NewId,pGeom,pProperties);
    }
 
 
 
 
 
 
    std::string Info() const override
    {
        std::stringstream buffer;
        buffer << "BinghamFluid " ;
        buffer << TBaseElement::Info();
        return buffer.str();
    }
 
    void PrintInfo(std::ostream& rOStream) const override
    {
        rOStream << "BinghamFluid ";
        TBaseElement::PrintInfo(rOStream);
    }
 
    void PrintData(std::ostream& rOStream) const override {}
 
 
 
 
 
 
protected:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    double EffectiveViscosity(double Density,
                                      const TShapeFunctionValues &rN,
                                      const TShapeFunctionGradients &rDN_DX,
                                      double ElemSize,
                                      const ProcessInfo &rProcessInfo) override
    {
        // Read the viscosity for the fluidified phase from the nodes
        // In Kratos, the viscosity is assumed to be given in kinematic units (m^2/s)
        double DynamicViscosity;
        this->EvaluateInPoint(DynamicViscosity,VISCOSITY,rN);
        DynamicViscosity *= Density;
 
        double GammaDot = this->EquivalentStrainRate(rDN_DX);
 
        double YieldStress = rProcessInfo[YIELD_STRESS];
 
        double m = rProcessInfo[REGULARIZATION_COEFFICIENT];
 
        if (GammaDot > 1e-12) // Normal behaviour
        {
            double Regularization = 1.0 - std::exp(-m*GammaDot);
            DynamicViscosity += Regularization * YieldStress / GammaDot;
        }
        else // fallback to avoid division by zero
        {
            // In this case dynamic viscosity goes to infinity,
            // understand the following as a large number times yield stress
            DynamicViscosity += m*YieldStress;
        }
 
        return DynamicViscosity;
    }
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  private:
 
 
 
 
 
    friend class Serializer;
 
    void save(Serializer& rSerializer) const override
    {
        KRATOS_SERIALIZE_SAVE_BASE_CLASS(rSerializer, TBaseElement );
    }
 
    void load(Serializer& rSerializer) override
    {
        KRATOS_SERIALIZE_LOAD_BASE_CLASS(rSerializer, TBaseElement );
    }
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    BinghamFluid& operator=(BinghamFluid const& rOther){ return *this; }
 
    BinghamFluid(BinghamFluid const& rOther){}
 
 
 
  }; // Class ClassName
 
 
 
 
 
 
template< class TBaseElement >
inline std::istream& operator >> (std::istream& rIStream,
                                  BinghamFluid<TBaseElement>& rThis)
{
    return rIStream;
}
 
template< class TBaseElement >
inline std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& rOStream,
                                  const BinghamFluid<TBaseElement>& rThis)
{
    rThis.PrintInfo(rOStream);
    rOStream << std::endl;
    rThis.PrintData(rOStream);
 
    return rOStream;
}
 
 
 
} // namespace Kratos.
 
#endif // KRATOS_BINGHAM_FLUID_H